GitHub is a web-based platform used for version control and collaboration, allowing developers to manage and store their code in repositories. It provides features such as issue tracking, project management, and code review, making it an essential tool for software development teams. GitHub supports Git, a distributed version control system, enabling multiple developers to work on a project simultaneously without conflicts. Key features include pull requests, branch management, and integration with various CI/CD tools, enhancing the development workflow and promoting collaboration among developers.